S 545
Advanced toward a vote
Places xylazine on Schedule III of the Controlled Substances Act and sets out who may possess it for veterinary, animal-control, and wildlife uses.
Official title: Combating Illicit Xylazine Act
Timeline each lane is a chamber; dates pull from congress.gov actions
Senate
Introduced
12-FEB-2025
Referred
12-FEB-2025
Approved by committee
26-MAR-2026
Reported
15-APR-2026
On the calendar
15-APR-2026
- Defines xylazine and adds it to Schedule III of the Controlled Substances Act, with exceptions for substances listed in another schedule.
- Limits the xylazine version of the "ultimate user" definition to people who receive it from a registered veterinarian or pharmacy and possess it for animals, animal-control programs, or wildlife programs.
- Delays the labeling, packaging, and distribution requirements for xylazine by one year, and delays practitioner registration, inventory, and recordkeeping requirements by 60 days.
- Directs the Sentencing Commission to review penalties for xylazine offenses, adds xylazine to ARCOS tracking, and requires a Health and Human Services scientific evaluation within 30 days plus Justice Department reports on illicit use at 18 months and 4 years.
Current. The Congressional Research Service's summary covers the bill's latest wording (Reported to Senate, 15-APR-2026).
CRS is the Library of Congress's nonpartisan research office. Read it on congress.gov- Judiciary Committee (Senate)
Crime and Law Enforcement
■ 19 R■ 15 D■ 1 I
19 Republicans
15 Democrats
1 Independent